What is Aphthous ulcer/Canker sore?

 An aphthous ulcer (also called a canker sore) is a common, painful ulcer that occurs inside the mouth — on the inner cheeks, lips, tongue, or soft palate.

🦷 In Dentistry:

It’s one of the most frequent oral mucosal lesions seen by dentists.

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🔍 Features:

Shape: Round or oval

Center: Yellow or white

Border: Red, inflamed margin

Size: Usually small (less than 1 cm)

Pain: Quite painful, especially during eating or brushing

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⚕️ Types:

1. Minor aphthous ulcer:

Most common

Heals in 7–10 days without scarring

2. Major aphthous ulcer:

Larger, deeper, may last several weeks

May leave a scar

3. Herpetiform ulcer:

Multiple small ulcers that may merge together

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🧠 Causes / Triggers:

Stress or emotional tension

Nutritional deficiencies (iron, vitamin B12, folic acid)

Trauma (e.g., biting the cheek, brushing injury)

Hormonal changes

Certain foods (acidic or spicy foods)

Allergic reactions

Genetic predisposition

Sometimes associated with systemic diseases (e.g., Crohn’s, Behçet’s)

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💊 Treatment:

Usually self-healing within 1–2 weeks

Topical anesthetics: Lidocaine gel, benzocaine

Topical corticosteroids: Triamcinolone acetonide (Kenalog in Orabase)

Antiseptic mouthwash: Chlorhexidine

Avoid spicy or acidic food

Maintain good oral hygiene

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Would you like me to make a simple visual chart sh

owing the types, causes, and treatment of aphthous ulcers for dental study or Instagram post?